Mail::Header

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
METHODS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

NAME

Mail::Header - manipulate mail RFC822 compliant headers

SYNOPSIS

    use Mail::Header;
    
    $head = new Mail::Header;
    $head = new Mail::Header \*STDIN;
    $head = new Mail::Header [<>], Modify => 0;

DESCRIPTION

This package provides a class object which can be used for reading, creating, manipulating and writing RFC822 compliant headers.

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ ARG ], [ OPTIONS ] ): ARG may be either a file descriptor (reference to a GLOB) or a reference to an array. If given the new object will be initialized with headers either from the array of read from the file descriptor.; OPTIONS is a list of options given in the form of key-value pairs, just like a hash table. Valid options are

METHODS

modify ( [ VALUE ] )

If VALUE is false then Mail::Header will not do any automatic reformatting of the headers, other than to ensure that the line starts with the tags given.

mail_from ( OPTION )

OPTION specifies what to do when a `From ' line is encountered. Valid values are IGNORE - ignore and discard the header, ERROR - invoke an error (call die), COERCE - rename them as Mail-From and KEEP - keep them.

fold ( [ LENGTH ] )

Fold the header. If LENGTH is not given then Mail::Header uses the following rules to determine what length to fold a line.

The fold length for the tag that is begin processed

The default fold length for the tag that is being processed

The default fold length for the object

extract ( ARRAY_REF )

Extract a header from the given array. extract will modify this array. Returns the object that the method was called on.

read ( FD )

Read a header from the given file descriptor.

empty ()

Empty the Mail::Header object of all lines.

header ( [ ARRAY_REF ] )

header does multiple operations. First it will extract a header from the array, if given. It will the reformat the header, if reformatting is permitted, and finally return a reference to an array which contains the header in a printable form.

header_hashref ( [ HASH_REF ] )

As header, but it will eventually set headers from a hash reference, and it will return the headers as a hash reference.

The values in the hash might either be a scalar or an array reference, as an example:

    $hashref->{From}='Tobias Brox <tobix@cpan.org>';
    $hashref->{To}=['you@somewhere', 'me@localhost'];

add ( TAG, LINE [, INDEX ] )

Add a new line to the header. If TAG is undef the the tag will be extracted from the beginning of the given line. If INDEX is given the new line will be inserted into the header at the given point, otherwise the new line will be appended to the end of the header.

replace ( TAG, LINE [, INDEX ] )

Replace a line in the header. If TAG is undef the the tag will be extracted from the beginning of the given line. If INDEX is given the new line will replace the Nth instance of that tag, otherwise the first instance of the tag is replaced. If the tag does not appear in the header then a new line will be appended to the header.

combine ( TAG [, WITH ] )

Combine all instances of TAG into one. The lines will be joined togther with WITH, or a single space if not given. The new item will be positioned in the header where the first instance was, all other instances of <TAG> will be removed.

get ( TAG [, INDEX ] )

Get the text from a line. If INDEX is given then the text of the Nth instance will be returned. If it is not given the return value depends on the context in which get was called. In an array context a list of all the text from all the instances of TAG will be returned. In a scalar context the text for the first instance will be returned.

The lines are unfolded, but still terminated with a new-line (see chomp)

delete ( TAG [, INDEX ] )

Delete a tag from the header. If INDEX id given then the Nth instance of the tag will be removed. If INDEX is not given all instances of tag will be removed.

count ( TAG )

Returns the number of times the given atg appears in the header

print ( [ FD ] )

Print the header to the given file descriptor, or STDOUT if no file descriptor is given.

as_string ()

Returns the header as a single string.

fold_length ( [ TAG ], [ LENGTH ] )

Set the default fold length for all tags or just one. With no arguments the default fold length is returned. With two arguments it sets the fold length for the given tag and returns the previous value. If only LENGTH is given it sets the default fold length for the current object.

In the two argument form fold_length may be called as a static method, setting default fold lengths for tags that will be used by all Mail::Header objects. See the fold method for a description on how Mail::Header uses these values.

tags ()

Retruns an array of all the tags that exist in the header. Each tag will only appear in the list once. The order of the tags is not specified.

dup ()

Create a duplicate of the current object.

cleanup ()

Remove any header line that, other than the tag, only contains whitespace

unfold ( [ TAG ] )

Unfold all instances of the given tag so that they do not spread across multiple lines. IF TAG is not given then all lines are unfolded.

The unfolding process is wrong but (for compatibility reasons) will not be repaired: only one blank at the start of the line should be removed, not all of them.

AUTHOR

Graham Barr. Maintained by Mark Overmeer <mailtools@overmeer.net>