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ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules
use ExtUtils::CBuilder;
my $b = ExtUtils::CBuilder->new(%options); $obj_file = $b->compile(source => 'MyModule.c'); $lib_file = $b->link(objects => $obj_file);
This module can build the C portions of Perl modules by invoking the
appropriate compilers and linkers in a cross-platform manner. It was
motivated by the Module::Build project, but may be useful for other
purposes as well. However, it is not intended as a general
cross-platform interface to all your C building needs. That would
have been a much more ambitious goal!
Returns a new ExtUtils::CBuilder object. A config parameter
lets you override Config.pm settings for all operations performed
by the object, as in the following example:
# Use a different compiler than Config.pm says
my $b = ExtUtils::CBuilder->new( config =>
{ ld => 'gcc' } );
A quiet parameter tells CBuilder to not print its system()
commands before executing them:
# Be quieter than normal my $b = ExtUtils::CBuilder->new( quiet => 1 );
Returns true if the current system has a working C compiler and linker, false otherwise. To determine this, we actually compile and link a sample C library.
Compiles a C source file and produces an object file. The name of the
object file is returned. The source file is specified in a source
parameter, which is required; the other parameters listed below are
optional.
object_file
Specifies the name of the output file to create. Otherwise the
object_file() method will be consulted, passing it the name of the
source file.
include_dirs
Specifies any additional directories in which to search for header files. May be given as a string indicating a single directory, or as a list reference indicating multiple directories.
extra_compiler_flags
Specifies any additional arguments to pass to the compiler. Should be given as a list reference containing the arguments individually, or if this is not possible, as a string containing all the arguments together.
The operation of this method is also affected by the
archlibexp, cccdlflags, ccflags, optimize, and cc
entries in Config.pm.
Invokes the linker to produce a library file from object files. In
scalar context, the name of the library file is returned. In list
context, the library file and any temporary files created are
returned. A required objects parameter contains the name of the
object files to process, either in a string (for one object file) or
list reference (for one or more files). The following parameters are
optional:
Specifies the name of the output library file to create. Otherwise
the lib_file() method will be consulted, passing it the name of
the first entry in objects.
Specifies the name of the Perl module that will be created by linking. On platforms that need to do prelinking (Win32, OS/2, etc.) this is a required parameter.
Any additional flags you wish to pass to the linker.
On platforms where need_prelink() returns true, prelink()
will be called automatically.
The operation of this method is also affected by the lddlflags,
shrpenv, and ld entries in Config.pm.
Invokes the linker to produce an executable file from object files. In
scalar context, the name of the executable file is returned. In list
context, the executable file and any temporary files created are
returned. A required objects parameter contains the name of the
object files to process, either in a string (for one object file) or
list reference (for one or more files). The optional parameters are
the same as link with exception for
Specifies the name of the output executable file to create. Otherwise
the exe_file() method will be consulted, passing it the name of the
first entry in objects.
my $object_file = $b->object_file($source_file);
Converts the name of a C source file to the most natural name of an output object file to create from it. For instance, on Unix the source file foo.c would result in the object file foo.o.
my $lib_file = $b->lib_file($object_file);
Converts the name of an object file to the most natural name of a output library file to create from it. For instance, on Mac OS X the object file foo.o would result in the library file foo.bundle.
my $exe_file = $b->exe_file($object_file);
Converts the name of an object file to the most natural name of an executable file to create from it. For instance, on Mac OS X the object file foo.o would result in the executable file foo, and on Windows it would result in foo.exe.
On certain platforms like Win32, OS/2, VMS, and AIX, it is necessary
to perform some actions before invoking the linker. The
ExtUtils::Mksymlists module does this, writing files used by the
linker during the creation of shared libraries for dynamic extensions.
The names of any files written will be returned as a list.
Several parameters correspond to ExtUtils::Mksymlists::Mksymlists()
options, as follows:
Mksymlists() prelink() type
-------------|-------------------|-------------------
NAME | dl_name | string (required)
DLBASE | dl_base | string
FILE | dl_file | string
DL_VARS | dl_vars | array reference
DL_FUNCS | dl_funcs | hash reference
FUNCLIST | dl_func_list | array reference
IMPORTS | dl_imports | hash reference
VERSION | dl_version | string
Please see the documentation for ExtUtils::Mksymlists for the
details of what these parameters do.
Returns true on platforms where prelink() should be called
during linking, and false otherwise.
Returns list of extra arguments to give to the link command; the arguments
are the same as for prelink(), with addition of array reference to the
results of prelink(); this reference is indexed by key prelink_res.
Currently this has only been tested on Unix and doesn't contain any of
the Windows-specific code from the Module::Build project. I'll do
that next.
This module is an outgrowth of the Module::Build project, to which
there have been many contributors. Notably, Randy W. Sims submitted
lots of code to support 3 compilers on Windows and helped with various
other platform-specific issues. Ilya Zakharevich has contributed
fixes for OS/2; John E. Malmberg and Peter Prymmer have done likewise
for VMS.
Ken Williams, kwilliams@cpan.org
Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Ken Williams. All rights reserved.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
perl(1), Module::Build(3)