(tar.info.gz) extracting files

 
 Extracting Specific Files
 -------------------------
 
    To extract specific archive members, give their exact member names as
 arguments, as printed by `--list' (`-t').  If you had mistakenly deleted
 one of the files you had placed in the archive `collection.tar' earlier
 (say, `blues'), you can extract it from the archive without changing
 the archive's structure.  It will be identical to the original file
 `blues' that you deleted.
 
    First, make sure you are in the `practice' directory, and list the
 files in the directory.  Now, delete the file, `blues', and list the
 files in the directory again.
 
    You can now extract the member `blues' from the archive file
 `collection.tar' like this:
 
      $ tar --extract --file=collection.tar blues
 
 If you list the files in the directory again, you will see that the file
 `blues' has been restored, with its original permissions, creation
 times, and owner.  (These parameters will be identical to those which
 the file had when you originally placed it in the archive; any changes
 you may have made before deleting the file from the file system,
 however, will _not_ have been made to the archive member.)  The archive
 file, `collection.tar', is the same as it was before you extracted
 `blues'.  You can confirm this by running `tar' with `--list' (`-t').
 
    Remember that as with other operations, specifying the exact member
 name is important.  `tar --extract --file=bfiles.tar birds' will fail,
 because there is no member named `birds'.  To extract the member named
 `./birds', you must specify `tar --extract --file=bfiles.tar ./birds'.
 To find the exact member names of the members of an archive, use
 `--list' (`-t') ( list).
 
    You can extract a file to standard output by combining the above
 options with the `--to-stdout' option ( Writing to Standard
 Output).
 
    If you give the `--verbose' (`-v') option, then `--extract'
 (`--get', `-x') will print the names of the archive members as it
 extracts them.
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