(gawk.info.gz) Reading Files

 
 Reading Input Files
 *******************
 
    In the typical `awk' program, all input is read either from the
 standard input (by default, this is the keyboard, but often it is a
 pipe from another command) or from files whose names you specify on the
 `awk' command line.  If you specify input files, `awk' reads them in
 order, processing all the data from one before going on to the next.
 The name of the current input file can be found in the built-in variable
 `FILENAME' ( Built-in Variables).
 
    The input is read in units called "records", and is processed by the
 rules of your program one record at a time.  By default, each record is
 one line.  Each record is automatically split into chunks called
 "fields".  This makes it more convenient for programs to work on the
 parts of a record.
 
    On rare occasions, you may need to use the `getline' command.  The
 `getline' command is valuable, both because it can do explicit input
 from any number of files, and because the files used with it do not
 have to be named on the `awk' command line ( Explicit Input with
 `getline' Getline.).

 
* Records                     Controlling how data is split into records.
* Fields                      An introduction to fields.
* Nonconstant Fields          Nonconstant Field Numbers.
* Changing Fields             Changing the Contents of a Field.
* Field Separators            The field separator and how to change it.
* Constant Size               Reading constant width data.
* Multiple Line               Reading multi-line records.
* Getline                     Reading files under explicit program control
                                 using the `getline' function.

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